国际标准ISO 13849-2 Safety of machinery
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies
casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 13849-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 199, Safety of machinery.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 13849-2:2003), which has been technically
revised in order to adapt to ISO 13849-1:2006. In addition, the new Annex E provides an example for the
validation of fault behaviour and diagnostic means.
ISO 13849 consists of the following parts, under the general title Safety of machinery — Safety-related
parts of control systems:
— Part 1: General principles for design
— Part 2: Validation
Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 2: Validation
Contents Page
Foreword .......................................iv
Introduction..................................v
1 Scope ......................... 1
2 Normative references................. 1
3 Terms and definitions........ 1
4 Validation process.............................. 1
4.1 Validation principles ................... 1
4.2 Validation plan ........ 3
4.3 Generic fault lists... 4
4.4 Specific fault lists... 4
4.5 Information for validation......................... 4
4.6 Validation record... 6
5 Validation by analysis...... 6
5.1 General........................... 6
5.2 Analysis techniques ........................................ 7
6 Validation by testing ......... 7
6.1 General........................... 7
6.2 Measurement accuracy................................ 8
6.3 More stringent requirements................. 8
6.4 Number of test samples............................... 8
7 Validation of safety requirements specification for safety functions ...............9
8 Validation of safety functions.............................. 9
9 Validation of performance levels and categories ....................10
9.1 Analysis and testing ....................................10
9.2 Validation of category specifications ........................................10
9.3 Validation of MTTFd, DCavg and CCF..........................................12
9.4 Validation of measures against systematic failures related to performance level and
category of SRP/CS.......................................13
9.5 Validation of safety-related software........................................13
9.6 Validation and verification of performance level ...........14
9.7 Validation of combination of safety-related parts.........14
10 Validation of environmental requirements...................................15
11 Validation of maintenance requirements........................................15
12 Validation of technical documentation and information for use........................16
Annex A (informative) Validation tools for mechanical systems .17
Annex B (informative) Validation tools for pneumatic systems ...21
Annex C (informative) Validation tools for hydraulic systems .......31
Annex D (informative) Validation tools for electrical systems.......40
Annex E (informative) Example of validation of fault behaviour and diagnostic means............................53
Bibliography .78
Copyright by ISO. Reproduced by ANSI with permission of and under license from ISO.
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